Sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease

Sleep symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are frequent and have multifactorial origins. Frequent causes of these disorders include primary involvement of sleep/wake regulating centers in the brainstem, nocturnal manifestations of motor and dysautonomic signs and medication effects. The study of sleep disorders in PD is of obvious clinical importance due to their impact on the patient’s quality of life. Furthermore, understanding sleep pathophysiology in PD may render these disorders as preclinical-prognostic markers of the disease and help elucidate the underlining neurodegenerative process.